What is the part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe?

The correct choice is the free edge, which refers to the part of the nail plate that extends past the fingertip or toe. This portion is visible and is what individuals typically cut and maintain during nail care. The free edge serves several purposes, such as offering protection to the sensitive tissues underneath and providing a surface for aesthetic enhancements and nail art.

Understanding the structure of the nail plate is essential for recognizing how each aspect contributes to overall nail health and appearance. The free edge is not attached to the skin, allowing for natural growth and offering some level of flexibility, making it prone to wear and tear. In contrast, the nail body is the main visible part of the nail that sits on the nail bed, while the cuticle area is the thin layer of skin at the base of the nail that protects the area where the nail grows. Extension is not a commonly used term in nail anatomy, further distinguishing the free edge as the correct answer.